To be exact about it, what a useful certificate carries is debatable, but there are certain fields that almost no research-grade certificate includes despite their being standard in pharmaceutical work.
The certificate is a snapshot and nothing else — it tells you about the material on one day from one sample of one lot, and extrapolation beyond that requires logic.
Mechanically, the laboratory name and accreditation status can be checked in real time against the testing service's own register, and that two-minute check catches substituted certificates.
Published inter-laboratory comparisons of the same material routinely find spreads of half a per cent to a full per cent, which sets realistic expectations.
The practical summary: check the lot number, ask for the method, and reserve judgement until you have both.