Concretely, reputation is a prior. An independent result on your own vial is the evidence.
The pre-order sequence: request a lot-specific certificate for the exact line, check that it names a lot code rather than a batch family, check that it carries the column, gradient and detection wavelength, and check the analysis date is recent relative to the lot.
To be exact about it, the single most informative free test is asking for the certificate of the lot they intend to ship and then confirming, on arrival, that the code on the glass matches it. A supplier who can do that has a traceability system; one who cannot does not.
The caveat is that a good result on one lot is a fact about that lot. It is a prior for the next one, not a guarantee.
Ask for the lot-specific certificate before ordering. It is free and it is decisive.
edited 12 Dec 2025 by h_pergande — added the citation requested in comments
Adding for future readers: ask for the lot-specific certificate before ordering, not after. – Dr_Jonas_Halvorsen 10 months ago 2I would add a line about writing the accept threshold down first. It is the step everyone skips. – e_dziedzic 2 months ago add a comment