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liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and cardiovascular data, and as a comparator arm in almost every later trial.

14 questions · sorted by votes

34 votes3 answers17k views
What are the rodent C-cell findings behind the thyroid warning, and do they transfer to humans?

The US labelling for several drugs in this class carries a boxed warning about thyroid C-cell tumours, and it is stated fairly starkly — tumours in both rats and…

thyroid
thyroid

Thyroid questions: the rodent C-cell findings behind the labelled warning, human calcitonin data, TSH drift during weight loss, and the…

14 questions
clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
asked by swab_and_wait 15k · 2.1 years ago
32 votes 3 answers14k views
How does fatty-acid acylation turn a 2-minute peptide into a 7-day one?

Native GLP-1 has a plasma half-life measured in minutes. Semaglutide has one measured in days, and the difference is usually explained in one sentence about a fatty…

glp1-mechanism
glp1-mechanism

Receptor-level pharmacology: GLP-1R as a class B GPCR, cAMP and PKA signalling, biased agonism, internalisation and resensitisation, and the…

175 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
peptide-stability
peptide-stability

The chemistry of peptide degradation: deamidation, oxidation, hydrolysis, aggregation and fibrillation, and how temperature, pH, ionic strength,…

832 questions
asked by yuki_morishita 19k · 2.0 years ago
22 votes 3 answers16k views
Did any trial in this class ever test a split weekly schedule, or a different dosing frequency at all?

I have looked for a randomised comparison of dosing frequency within a single molecule in this class and cannot find one. Every phase 3 trial I can find fixed the…

split-dosing
split-dosing

Dividing a weekly dose across more than one administration. Questions here concern the pharmacokinetic rationale, whether the peak-to-trough ratio…

39 questions
clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by juliette_farnese 12k · 5 months ago
21 votes0 answers12k views
What does the mechanism of liraglutide predict that SURMOUNT-4 did not test?

The particulars: liraglutide · SURMOUNT-4. I would like the mechanism, because I want to be able to reason about the cases nobody has written about. I have tried to…

glp1-mechanism
glp1-mechanism

Receptor-level pharmacology: GLP-1R as a class B GPCR, cAMP and PKA signalling, biased agonism, internalisation and resensitisation, and the…

175 questions
clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
gip-receptor
gip-receptor

GIP receptor pharmacology, and the still-unsettled question of whether agonism or antagonism at GIPR is the metabolically useful direction.…

83 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
sleep-apnea
sleep-apnea

Obstructive sleep apnoea and the apnoea-hypopnoea index response to weight loss, including the SURMOUNT-OSA dataset and the question of whether…

14 questions
asked by RP_C18 85k · 2.3 years ago
18 votes 4 answers15k views
What does the mechanism of retatrutide predict that ATTAIN-1 did not test?

Stated plainly: retatrutide · ATTAIN-1. The empirical answer seems settled. The explanation does not. If the honest answer is that nobody knows, I would rather hear…

glp1-mechanism
glp1-mechanism

Receptor-level pharmacology: GLP-1R as a class B GPCR, cAMP and PKA signalling, biased agonism, internalisation and resensitisation, and the…

175 questions
clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
gip-receptor
gip-receptor

GIP receptor pharmacology, and the still-unsettled question of whether agonism or antagonism at GIPR is the metabolically useful direction.…

83 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by jo_vandeberg 19k · 6 months ago
17 votes 5 answers17k views
How comparable are ecnoglutide and retatrutide on the evidence available?

Conditions: ecnoglutide · retatrutide. I would like the axes of comparison first and the recommendation second. I have tried the first option and it works; the…

clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
tirzepatide
tirzepatide

A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Questions here cover the SURPASS and SURMOUNT programmes, the practical differences from a pure GLP-1…

162 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by retest_please 13k · 7 months ago
14 votes 5 answers17k views
Is TRIUMPH-3 a fair comparison of orforglipron against its comparator arm?

What I have: TRIUMPH-3 · orforglipron. I would rather be corrected now than propagate something wrong. I am specifically not interested in a testimonial; I am…

clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
tirzepatide
tirzepatide

A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Questions here cover the SURPASS and SURMOUNT programmes, the practical differences from a pure GLP-1…

162 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by Dr_Lena_Ostrowska 42k · 21 months ago
13 votes 5 answers31k views
What does FLOW actually establish about mazdutide?

What I am working with: FLOW · mazdutide. I would like help reading this properly rather than being told what conclusion to reach. I have the full report including…

clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
cardiovascular
cardiovascular

Cardiovascular outcomes: the SELECT major-adverse-event result, SOUL, SUSTAIN 6 and REWIND, how to convert a hazard ratio into an absolute risk…

111 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by ayo_fadipe 19k · 22 months ago
12 votes4 answers7.7k views
How comparable are a GLP-1 receptor agonist and survodutide on the evidence available?

Details up front: a GLP-1 receptor agonist · survodutide. I have used one of these for a while and I am considering switching, which requires a reason. What I care…

clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
tirzepatide
tirzepatide

A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Questions here cover the SURPASS and SURMOUNT programmes, the practical differences from a pure GLP-1…

162 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by e_dziedzic 87k · 8 months ago
11 votes 1 answer5.2k views
Is STEP 8 a fair comparison of survodutide against its comparator arm?

For reference: STEP 8 · survodutide. Somebody stated this to me confidently and I would like to check it before repeating it. I would accept a well-reasoned negative…

clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
tirzepatide
tirzepatide

A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Questions here cover the SURPASS and SURMOUNT programmes, the practical differences from a pure GLP-1…

162 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by pip_okonjo 11k · 11 months ago
10 votes 5 answers7.7k views
What does STEP 8 actually establish about dulaglutide?

Numbers first: STEP 8 · dulaglutide. This is presented as though it settles something, and I am not convinced it does. I have two documents that appear to disagree,…

clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
cardiovascular
cardiovascular

Cardiovascular outcomes: the SELECT major-adverse-event result, SOUL, SUSTAIN 6 and REWIND, how to convert a hazard ratio into an absolute risk…

111 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by second_lot 11k · 4 months ago
6 votes 3 answers7.3k views
Liraglutide daily versus a weekly agonist — is there still a case?

I would like to know how much of this is established and how much is a reasonable story. I want to know what the trade-off actually is rather than which option is…

liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
asked by net_peptide 16k · 7 months ago
6 votes5 answers6.8k views
Is ESSENCE a fair comparison of oral semaglutide against its comparator arm?

The case in front of me: ESSENCE · oral semaglutide. The claim is plausible, which is exactly why I want to check it. I am able to read a paper if someone points me…

clinical-trials
clinical-trials

Reading the primary literature properly: estimands, intention-to-treat versus per-protocol, confidence intervals, absolute versus relative…

913 questions
semaglutide
semaglutide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid-acylated backbone and a roughly one-week half-life, marketed for type 2 diabetes and for weight…

360 questions
tirzepatide
tirzepatide

A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Questions here cover the SURPASS and SURMOUNT programmes, the practical differences from a pure GLP-1…

162 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by plate_count_9k 95k · 9 months ago
5 votes5 answers12k views
How many weeks to steady state for semaglutide on a weekly schedule?

My background is chemistry rather than physiology, which may explain where I am stuck. I want the working, not the result — I need to be able to redo it with…

glp1-mechanism
glp1-mechanism

Receptor-level pharmacology: GLP-1R as a class B GPCR, cAMP and PKA signalling, biased agonism, internalisation and resensitisation, and the…

175 questions
titration
titration

Stepwise dose increases over weeks, why the label schedules exist at all, and what tolerability-driven deviation from a schedule looks like in…

444 questions
dosing-math
dosing-math

The arithmetic itself: milligrams to millilitres to insulin units, concentration after reconstitution, dose per draw, and vial-days per vial. Show…

811 questions
cagrisema
cagrisema

A fixed-ratio combination of cagrilintide, a long-acting amylin analogue, with semaglutide, studied in the REDEFINE programme. Questions here…

14 questions
liraglutide
liraglutide

A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the compound that established the class. Still relevant for its shorter half-life, its paediatric and…

14 questions
asked by mz_4113 99k · 2.0 years ago
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