Start with the seal, the stopper and the label, in that order, and then look at the contents against a light and a dark background.
Inspect the powder against both a white and a black background under good light. Discolouration, browning or a yellow tinge on a peptide that should be white is worth photographing before doing anything else.
Concentration and unit conversion at a glance
| Vial | Diluent | Concentration | 0.25 mg | 0.5 mg | 1 mg | 2.5 mg |
|---|
| 5 mg | 1 mL | 5 mg/mL | 5 u | 10 u | 20 u | 50 u |
| 5 mg | 2 mL | 2.5 mg/mL | 10 u | 20 u | 40 u | 100 u |
| 10 mg | 1 mL | 10 mg/mL | 2.5 u | 5 u | 10 u | 25 u |
| 10 mg | 2 mL | 5 mg/mL | 5 u | 10 u | 20 u | 50 u |
| 10 mg | 3 mL | 3.33 mg/mL | 7.5 u | 15 u | 30 u | 75 u |
Units are U-100 insulin units, where 1 unit = 0.01 mL. Divide dose by concentration for millilitres, then multiply by 100.
The underlying point is that melt-back at the stopper — a glassy ring where the cake meets the closure — indicates the cycle ran warm at the top of the vial. Cosmetic in most cases, informative always.
Passing inspection is a weak result. It rules out the obvious and nothing else.
edited 27 May 2026 by tamsin_wray — added the method parameters